WHEN a prominent physician and I were discussing the recent surge in the incidence of coronavirus infections in Guyana, he postulated that what we professionals accept, that “simple knowledge” would have to be consistently told to the masses before acceptance and compliance become generalised. With oral health being no different, it seems to me that it is logical to advise the regular readers of this column to make a renewed resolution concerning their dental health, and they can easily do this after assimilating basic facts on oral hygiene.
Many of the foods you eat cause the bacteria in your mouth to produce acids. Sugared foods, such as candy and cookies are not the only culprits. Starches, such as bread, crackers and cereal, also cause acids to form. If you snack often, you could be having acid attacks, your teeth may decay. All these are accommodated by the sticky film that the teeth and gums harbour, which is called plaque.

Plaque also produces substances that irritate the gums, making them red, tender or bleed easily (gingivitis). After a while, gums may pull away from the teeth. Pockets form and fill with more bacteria and pus. If the gums are not treated, the bone around the teeth can be destroyed (periodontitis). The teeth may become loose or have to be removed. In fact, this gum disease is a main cause of tooth loss in adults.

One way to prevent tooth decay and gum disease is by eating a balanced diet and limiting the number of between-meal snacks. If you need a snack, choose nutritious foods such as raw vegetables, plain yogurt, cheese or a piece of fruit.

The best way to remove decay-causing plaque is by brushing and cleaning between your teeth every day. Brushing removes plaque from the tooth surfaces. Brush your teeth with a soft-bristled brush. The size and shape of your brush should fit your mouth, allowing you to reach all areas easily. Use toothpaste that contains fluoride, which helps protect your teeth from decay. It does not matter how many times a day you brush. What is important is thoroughness. You should spend the same amount of time in minutes each day (24 hours), brushing and flossing, as the number of natural teeth you have in your mouth.
Cleaning between the teeth once a day with floss or interdental cleaners removes plaque from between the teeth, areas where the toothbrush can’t each. It is essential in preventing gum disease. By taking care of your teeth, eating a balanced diet and visiting your dentist regularly, you can have healthy teeth and an attractive smile your entire life. Follow these tips to keep your teeth and mouth clean.

How do you brush your teeth correctly?

1. Place your toothbrush at a 45-degree angle against the gums.
2. Move the brush back and forth gently in short (tooth-wide) strokes.
3. Brush the outer tooth surfaces, the inner tooth surfaces, and the chewing surfaces of the teeth.
4. Use the “toe” of the brush to clean the inside surfaces of the front teeth, using a gentle up-and-down stroke.
5. Brush your tongue to remove bacteria and freshen your breath.

How do you floss your teeth correctly?

1. Break off about 18 inches of floss and wind most of it around one of your middle fingers. Wind the remaining floss around the same finger of the opposite hand. The finger will take up the floss as it becomes dirty. Hold the floss tightly between your thumbs and forefingers.
2. Guide the floss between your teeth using a gentle rubbing motion. Never snap the floss into the gums.
3. When the floss reaches the gum line, curve it into a C-shape against one tooth. Gently slide it into the space between the gum and the tooth.
4. Hold the floss tightly against the tooth. Gently rub the side of the tooth, moving the floss away from the gum with up and down motions.
5. Repeat this method on the rest of your teeth.

6. Don’t forget the backside of your last tooth.