I WOULD doubt if any aspect of medical science recommends the removal of a subject’s brain to improve their well-being. However, it is highly probable that only in dentistry—and specifically in the procedure of root canal treatment—the objective is to remove the brain of the offending tooth.

Root canal treatment (commonly referred to simply as root canal by most patients) remains one of the mysteries of dentistry from the perspective of the average person. Root canal treatment is required when the blood or nerve supply of the tooth (which effectively constitutes its brain) becomes infected through decay or injury. As a result, the tooth becomes literally lifeless and is incapable of eliciting pain.

If the pulp becomes infected, the infection will spread through the root canal system of the tooth, which may eventually lead to an abscess. If root canal treatment is not carried out, the infection will continue to spread, and the tooth may need to be removed.

The procedure is painless because local anaesthetic is used, making it feel no different from having an ordinary filling done. The aim of the treatment is to remove all infections from the root canal. The root is then cleaned and filled to prevent any further infection.

Root canal treatment is a skilled and time-consuming procedure, often requiring two or more visits to your dentist. At the first appointment, the infected pulp is removed. Any abscesses present can also be drained at this time. The root canal is then cleaned and shaped, ready for filling. A temporary filling is inserted, and the tooth is left to settle. At a later visit, the tooth is checked, and when all the infection has cleared, it is permanently filled.

In the past, a root-filled tooth would often darken after treatment. However, with modern techniques, this does not usually happen. If discolouration does occur, several treatments are available to restore the tooth’s natural appearance. Root canal treatment is usually very successful. However, if an infection recurs, the procedure can be repeated.

Root canal treatment (RCT) is generally one of the more costly dental procedures due to the length of time required, as well as the skill and materials involved. However, it is a worthwhile investment when one considers that it is the only way to save a tooth in very poor condition.

The alternative to RCT is tooth extraction. Once the pulp is destroyed, it cannot heal, and it is not advisable to leave an infected tooth in the mouth. While some people may prefer an extraction, it is usually recommended to keep as many natural teeth as possible.

After treatment, the tooth will be safe, though it is advisable to restore it with a crown to provide extra support, strength, and a natural appearance. Additionally, regular dental check-ups are essential to ensure continued oral health.