TODAY in Guyana the greater part of the population trust in and would use only Western medicine which is practised and offered at all the hospitals and health centres. This contrasts with the mode of treating the sick in the 19th century when there were few Western-trained doctors or hospital facilities in the country. Today, if anyone suffers from a cold or influenza or other common ailments such as measles, indigestion or diarrhoea, that person would immediately consult a doctor. Many people would go to private hospitals where the consultation fees and other medical costs are costly, but they incur such expenses which they could ill afford because they are conditioned to think that if they did not seek such help, it could result in serious repercussions. This is especially true of children and babies, where at the least discomfiture they suffer, parents are usually overcome with fear that worse is to come and they consult doctors. This contrasts with the situation in the 19th century where there was less fear and more knowledge of common ailments and most families used a variety of home remedies quite effectively.

Until after World War II, the vast majority of Guyanese did not depend on doctors or hospitals when they suffered common or minor disorders. If they suffered from ailments that required surgery such as appendicitis or broken or fractured bones, they would consult a doctor or go to a hospital. They treated most common ailments at home. Sometimes they would consult a trained nurse who would often do the procedures which only doctors do today. (There were many nurses practising privately, many of them returnees from America). There were also a number of chemists and druggists who practised privately and who owned drug stores. Most importantly, all mothers knew how to treat their babies and children and such knowledge was propagated by the nurses, the druggists, and housewives among themselves. Further, books on home nursing and first aid were widely available and most families would have one or two of these.

In every home, no matter how humble it may be, there was always an area converted into a sick room that was kept spotlessly clean and smelt of a disinfectant, usually, Jays Fluid, and of Bay Rum or Limacol. Bay Rum was the Barbados equivalent of Limacol. The medications kept at home were the usual basic ones used at the hospitals. The teachings of Florence Nightingale influenced the home-nursing tradition throughout the West Indies.
During World War I, Sulphur drugs were discovered and put into universal use. Patients began to treat themselves and the sick-room culture gradually faded away. Just at this time, many OTC medications became available, which also led patients to treat themselves. Just at this time, doctors also began to prescribe the patent drugs sold by drug stores (OTC- over the counter drugs) and moved away from prescriptions that had to be compounded by a druggist.

During World War II, Penicillin and a number of other antibiotics were discovered later on. Anti-biotics was one of the greatest discoveries of Western Medicine and was used for most ailments. Though anti-biotics were strictly prescription drugs, many persons acquired them without prescription resulting in many persons developing immunities from misuse. At all Government-controlled institutions, hospital treatment, consultation and provision of drugs used for the more common ailments are free. This system of Socialist Medicine is a boon to the population. Unfortunately, one has to wait for fairly long periods for consultations and treatments at government health institutions; these institutions also do not have the equipment to do certain tests or enough equipment for certain procedures, such as dialysis. These deficiencies in the public health system have led to the growth of a number of private hospitals. These private hospitals provide a generally good service but their charges are extremely high, since profit-making seems to be their main focus. The majority of patients who use the private hospitals do so because they had been unable to use the Public Hospitals for a number of reasons since the charges with which they are faced demand very great financial sacrifice and could impoverish many people.

Consumers and other public members could avoid being burdened with heavy medical costs by first, keeping oneself in good health by eating properly, exercising, and avoiding stress by realising that both future and past do not exist and only concentrating on the present.

There are a number of books on good health easily available as well as many sites on the Internet. Second, use well-tried home remedies, knowledge of which could be easily obtained from numerous publications on home treatments and first aid and also from the Internet. Third, use the Public Hospitals whenever possible since they are free. The Georgetown Public Hospital is being computerised and greater orderliness is being instituted, thereby ensuring that there is quicker access to doctors and treatment.